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Posted on 10:54 PM by Wanto and filed under
By Marie Austin

The quince is a tree-like shrub growing to a height of 2-7 m. The shoots and buds are felted, older branches are glabrous. The whitish flowers have a, felted calyx and appear in May after the leaves. The unripe fruits are also felted, becoming smooth and turning lemon yellow when they ripen in October; these have a pleasant scent and are terminated by large, pointed sepals.

Its widespread distribution extends from central Europe across the Ukraine and Siberia to China. It grows mostly in warmth-loving plant communities on rocky (especially limestone) banks with sunny aspect, but also does well on coastal sand dunes. It is a widely variable species, the many varieties including ones with rich yellow or salmon pink flowers and also one with double blooms. Because of its ornamental leaves and small size it is often planted in parks and in hedges. Propagation is chiefly by means of cuttings and root suckers. Fairly plentiful in the mountains of central and southern Europe is the related species R. pendulina (alpine rose) with sparse covering of thorns on the bottom part of the stem, bright red flowers and round, light red hips.

The medlar is a broad-spreading shrub or small tree, 3-6 m in height. The stem may be as much as 20 cm in diameter. The shoots are felted grey- brown, older branches are grey and covered with short, solitary spines. The fruits are apple-shaped, 3 cm across, flattened at the top and terminated by long sepals. When ripe, they turn brown and contain 5 hard angular seeds.

A native of the Far East, it grows from Kamchatka to Japan, Korea and northern China. It is most plentiful in coastal areas in river valleys in sandy situations.

Nowadays it is widely cultivated in western and central Europe for its large, decorative and fragrant flowers, and it is completely frost-resistant. This species also includes varieties with double red as well as white blooms, e.g. aubro-plena', 'Alba' and `Albo-plena'. This rose has been crossed with other roses to produce several ornamental hybrids and varieties.

Propagation is by means of root suckers; cultivated varieties may be grafted onto hawthorn. The medlar interbreeds with hawthorn and several hybrids between the two are known.

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