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Posted on 1:19 PM by Wanto and filed under
By James Masonry
After fertilization the ovary ripens into the fruit, its outer layer forming the wall or pericarp with one or more seeds inside. The seed is the fertilized ripened ovule and consists of the embryo and nutritive tissue enclosed in a hard cover.
The flowers of seed plants are actually leaves modified for reproduction. In the full-petalled flower it is possible to distinguish four different sets of modified leaves: the calyx, corolla, stamens (male sexual organs) and pistil (female sexual organ).
The flowers of most shrubs have all four parts; in some species, however, (e.g. the hazel and European green alder) the calyx and corolla may be absent, as is often the case in trees.
Shrubs growing beneath trees have very poor chances of being pollinated by the wind and are usually pollinated by insects. Their flowers therefore often have bright colours and strong fragrance in order to attract insects.
Fleshy fruits do not split when ripe but drop from the parent plant in their entirety or else break up into parts with enclosed seeds. One such fruit is the drupe, which has a pericarp consisting of three layers, namely the thin epicarp or outer layer, fleshy mesocarp or middle layer and hard bony endocarp or inner layer that is the stone, usually encasing a single seed. Examples are the blackthorn, English holly, cornelian cherry, dogwood, etc.
A flower is composed of the following parts: calyx - the external, usually green leafy part; corolla - the inner floral envelope consisting of petals, usually brightly coloured stamens - consisting of anthers and filaments; when ripe, the anthers burst and release the microscopic pollen grains that look like yellow powder; pistil - the ovule-bearing organ deriving from the fusion of one or several carpels; it comprises the ovary containing ovules and a style bearing a sticky or hairy stigma to which the pollen grains adhere and grow downward to the ovary.
The flowers of seed plants are actually leaves modified for reproduction. In the full-petalled flower it is possible to distinguish four different sets of modified leaves: the calyx, corolla, stamens (male sexual organs) and pistil (female sexual organ).
The flowers of most shrubs have all four parts; in some species, however, (e.g. the hazel and European green alder) the calyx and corolla may be absent, as is often the case in trees.
Shrubs growing beneath trees have very poor chances of being pollinated by the wind and are usually pollinated by insects. Their flowers therefore often have bright colours and strong fragrance in order to attract insects.
Fleshy fruits do not split when ripe but drop from the parent plant in their entirety or else break up into parts with enclosed seeds. One such fruit is the drupe, which has a pericarp consisting of three layers, namely the thin epicarp or outer layer, fleshy mesocarp or middle layer and hard bony endocarp or inner layer that is the stone, usually encasing a single seed. Examples are the blackthorn, English holly, cornelian cherry, dogwood, etc.
A flower is composed of the following parts: calyx - the external, usually green leafy part; corolla - the inner floral envelope consisting of petals, usually brightly coloured stamens - consisting of anthers and filaments; when ripe, the anthers burst and release the microscopic pollen grains that look like yellow powder; pistil - the ovule-bearing organ deriving from the fusion of one or several carpels; it comprises the ovary containing ovules and a style bearing a sticky or hairy stigma to which the pollen grains adhere and grow downward to the ovary.
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In garden planning, flints are often used as a strong decorative surface on a mortared rubble core in the garden.
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